Films usually have a linear structure as in they start at ’00:00′ and run for a set length of time. This means they have a beginning, a middle, and an end.

Todorov said that a good story should have an equilibrium, disruption and a new equilibrium.

Propp suggests that stories use stock characters

Claude Levi-Strauss, Binary oppositions. This suggests that narratives are structured around binary oppositions e.g. good vs bad, human vs alien, young vs old.

Flashback, Parallel narrative, An enigma code (puzzle, something to resolve), Light and shade