habermas created The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society in 1989

How can the Media act in the ‘Public Sphere’ in the ‘Public Interest’?

“a public space between the private domain and the state in which public opionion was formed and ‘popular’ supervision of government was established” (p. 82: 1996)

– the media as watchdog

“instead of providing a conduit for rational-critical debate, the media manipulated mass opinion” – james curry

state media v free market media