Chicken is a micro budget film which was approximately £110,000, and was independent financing, box office made £10,000, this means he lost around £100,000
Compared to Hidden Figures which had a $25 million budget, received a net profit of $95.5 million
B Good Picture Company, Joe Stephenson was the director
Distribution: Relied on streaming, new technology, VOD
Used trailers, posters, film festivals etc to promote the movie Chicken, normal distribution factors
Chicken received positive reviews and holds a 100% ‘certified fresh’ rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 12 critic reviews
CineVue praised the film and mentioned that it is ‘the sort of British indie which restores faith in cinema’
Independent films are often screened at local, national or international film festivals before distribution
An independent film production can rival a mainstream film production if it has the necessary funding and distribution
Funding/BFI:
Chicken tried to secure funding from the BFI Film Fund who use the money paid for lottery tickets to provide financial aid/support young filmmakers. The films created often have cultural and/or artistic value and are typically aimed at niche audiences.
BFI didn’t think Chicken would be successful or make a good enough profit. Joe Stephenson was also an unknown filmmaker so the BFI were unwilling to help fund the film
Production:
Filmed in 19 days and mostly outside locations which means there could have been problems with weather
Adapted a play by Freddie Machin which originally ran at Southpark Playhouse
Distribution:
World premiere on June 27th 2015 at the Edinburgh International Film Festival. Theatrical release was on May 20th 2016
Film festivals help to promote low budget films so they can reach a wider audience. This means most distributors would see the success of the film which would make companies more likely to distribute the film
DVD and BluRay release by Network September 18th 2017
Hesmondhalgh – risky business
Joe Stephenson took a risk when deciding to produce a film as he didn’t know if people would watch it or if it would be successful
Took a risk when choosing to produce a film especially as an independent production
People take risks so that they can potentially maximise their profits and challenge themselves to see if they can be successful in certain industries
Companies were unwilling to invest time/money into this film as distributors found it unlikely that Chicken would generate enough revenue to create profit
Curran and Seaton – more diverse media landscape
“The media industry is driven by the twin forces of creativity and business” – Chicken had a creative idea in the sense that Stephenson wanted to promote a message about not judging people based on how they appear, this brings a more diverse media landscape as Stephenson is attempting to implement a different idea which will add diversity to the film industry
Bringing innovative ideas into the film industry, independent film makers can adapt mainstream producers in order to create something that is more diverse and can be something different for the film industry
Chicken had a micro-budget of £110,000 compared to big hollywood blockbusters such as Spectre that had a budget of $245–250 million
b good picture company
‘Chicken’ was B Good Picture Company’s debut feature film.
The film went on to be selected by the curators of MUBI, and acquired by Film4.
Its journey continued in September 2017 with its Blu-ray & DVD release in the UK courtesy of Network Releasing.
B GOOD PICTURE COMPANY LTD is the London based Film and Television production company founded by Joe Stephenson. B Good has positioned itself in the UK industry as a young bold LGBTQ+ led company, working with A-list talent to create film and television appealing to a wide audience whilst retaining artistic integrity.
founded by Joe Stephenson
has a social media presence on Instagram, Facebook and twitter, three of the biggest social media platforms
Funding
In order to make Chicken, director Joe Stephenson raised £110,000.
Raised entirely through investment by individuals (e.g. rich friends/contacts)
No funding body (e.g. BFI Film Fund) was willing to fund Chicken
Raises questions about whether film industry is accessible to lower-income filmmakers
what is bfi?
the bfi film fund uses the money paid for lottery tickets to provide financial aid and support to young filmmakers. it contributes the tthe british film industry by giving young filmmakers the platform to be able to produce films that would otherwise not be created or recognised. the films that are created often have cultural and/or artistic value and are typically aimed at niche audiences.
the bfi did not give funding to chicken as it did not believe that the film would make a substantial profit or be successful.
Production
Key points for making Chicken:
Adapted from a play by Freddie Machin that originally ran at Southwark Playhouse.
Filmed in 19 days, almost all external locations so victim to rain, issues with lighting etc.
Distribution
No distribution deal secured in 2014
Two-year festival circuit won awards and generated interest and critical acclaim for film
UK cinema release followed in May 2016. Selected for film subscription service MUBI and acquired by Film4 for TV premiere in April 2017.
UK DVD release distributed by Network Releasing. Digital distribution in USA/Canada – January 2018.
Promotion
Alongside film festivals, new technology was vital to promoting Chicken to a wider audience:
Some traditional marketing: trailer, film poster with review quotes etc.
Social media very important to market film – Facebook, Twitter, YouTube.
Film available on-demand now; Stephenson hoping for deal with Netflix or Amazon Prime to bring in revenue and find wider audience.
essay structure
Start your essay with a short introductory paragraph that outlines your intention for this essay. So think – what is it you want to argue / discuss / present in this essay?
Show knowledge of the film industry, specifically the key stages of: production, distribution, consumption
position contemporary film production within a couple of key theoretical positions for example, any of the following:
Hesmondhalgh‘s ideas that mitigate the ‘risky business’ of cultural production.
Curran and Seaton‘s arguments for a more diverse media landscape.
Henry Jenkinsand David Gauntlett argue that the internet remains the capacity to work as a social good and that online communities created via ‘participatory culture’ have the power to change the world for the better. Web 2.0 refers to websites that emphasize user-generated content, ease of use, participatory culture and interoperability for end users.
Similarly, Clay Shirky argues that the media industry is increasingly driven by audience feedback systems rather than top-down control of proprieters.
Livingstone and Lunt’s suggestion that cultural production exists in a loosely regulated framework, biased towards a consumers rather than citizen model.
The impact of new media technologies for cultural production.
Present details of the CSP (Chicken) but make sure you focus on production, distribution and consumption and NOT on a textual analysis of the film – remember the examiner / assessor is assuming that you may not have seen the film.
Feel free to add in some audience theory.
Conclude your essay with a summative paragraph.
theorists to consider:
Curran and Seaton: the film was broadcasted on film 4 which is a part of channel 4, a public service broadcaster, this gives it a potentially wider audience as people can access the film easily.
Hesmondhalgh: the idea of media being a risky business, the idea of a small budget and joe Stephenson having to source the £110,000 to create the film and the risk off losses and profit
Director- Joe Stephenson, ‘Chicken’ was B Good Picture Company’s debut feature film.
Identification of howChicken is characteristic of an independent film release, with consideration of budget, distribution, circulation.
Micro budget rather than low budget film (approximately £110,000) – entirely independent financing. made only £10,000 at cinemas- made a loss, risky business
Distribution techniques – reliance on new technology; VOD, streaming, audience ‘programming’ (open screen etc.)
Continued use of traditional marketing and distribution; trailers, posters, film festivals etc.
The concept of “risk-taking” in terms of narrative choice available to independent studios- hesmondhalgh
The concept of “risk-taking” in terms of narrative choice available to independent studios
Curran and Seaton represents diversity in the media industry, a unconventional as it demonstrates people living outside of society.
Chicken had its world premiere on 27 June 2015 Edinburgh International Film Festival.
Its international premiere in competition at the 2015 Busan International Film Festival, followed by screenings at the New Hampshire International Film Festival, Giffoni International Film Festival, Cine A La Vista International Film Festival, Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival, Schlingel International Film Festival and Dublin International Film Festival.
It eventually received a limited theatrical release in the UK on 20 May 2016.
Chicken received positive reviews and holds a 100% “Certified Fresh” rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 12 critic reviews.
Promotion Alongside film festivals, new technology was vital to promoting Chicken to a wider audience: Some traditional marketing: trailer, film poster with review quotes etc. Social media very important to market film – Facebook, Twitter, YouTube. Film available on-demand now; Stephenson hoping for deal with Netflix or Amazon Prime to bring in revenue and find wider audience.
Henry Jenkins and David Gauntlett would acknowledge that web 2.0 enabled big businesses to exploit the web for commercial reasons, but would also argue that the internet remains the capacity to work as a social good and that online communities created via ‘participatory culture’ have the power to change the world for the better
hesmondhal – media production as a ‘risky business’
distribution
mubi uk – streaming site for indie alternative movies
film 4
b good picture company
chicken’s world premiere was at the 2015 Edenborough international film festival
ddistributed to many film festivals
in 2016 it was acquired by MUBI uk and had its british tv premiere on april 2017. It received its dvd and bluray release by Network on the 18th September 2017.
made in 2014
posters were created – advertising
social media presence including social media advertising on tiwtter and facebook
micro budget – 110k but earned 10k – hesmondhal – media industry as a risky business – potentially loans takeen out for production
Chicken had its world premiere on 27 June 2015 Edinburgh International Film Festival. The film had its international premiere in competition at the 2015 Busan International Film Festival, followed by screenings at the New Hampshire International Film Festival, Giffoni International Film Festival, Cine A La Vista International Film Festival, Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival, Schlingel International Film Festival and Dublin International Film Festival. It eventually received a limited theatrical release in the UK on 20 May 2016.
reception
Chicken received positive reviews and holds a 100% “Certified Fresh” rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 12 critic reviews.
Leslie Felperin of The Guardian gave the film 3/5 stars and said “first-time director Joe Stephenson elicits lively, empathetic performances from his small cast.”
Mark Kermode, also in a Guardian review, rated the film at four out of five stars stating that Scott Chambers’ performance is “superb”.
Anna Smith of Empire magazine gave the film a rating of four stars, responding that the film is “an enjoyable, involving British Drama with and impressive turn from newcomer Scott Chambers.
Cath Clarke of Time Out, commented that Chicken is “an impressively acted British Drama about a young man with learning difficulties.”
CineVue praised the film and mentioned that it is “the sort of British indie which restores faith in cinema”.
accolades
Grand Jury Award for Narrative Feature — Joe Stephenson (New Hampshire Film Festival 2015)
Silver Griffoni Award for Best Film – Generation 18+ (2nd Prize) — Joe Stephenson & B Good Picture Company (Giffoni Film Festival 2016)
Award for Best Film — Chicken (Cine A La Vista International Film Festival 2016)
Scott Chamber’s performance as Richard got a Special Critic’s Circle mention (Dublin International Film Festival 2016)
The film was shortlisted for Best Director (Joe Stephenson) and Best Newcomer (Scott Chambers) by the British Independent Film Awards.
Theoretical approaches
Chicken is characteristic of the ‘risky’ business of cultural production (Hesmondhalgh), £100K + is a lot of money for a single individual, without a guaranteed return. Chicken also represents diversity in media production (Curran and Seaton) as this film provides a voice and narrative to groups who are not necessarily represented in mainstream media. Henry Jenkins and David Gauntlett would acknowledge that web 2.0 enabled big businesses to exploit the web for commercial reasons, but would also argue that the internet remains the capacity to work as a social good and that online communities created via ‘participatory culture’ have the power to change the world for the better. Web 2.0 refers to websites that emphasize user-generated content, ease of use, participatory culture and interoperability for end users. Similarly, Clay Shirky argues that the media industry is increasingly driven by audience feedback systems rather than top-down control of proprietors. Read page 140 below.
the general meedia concentration of conglomeraates control the content wwithin the media, e.g the same stories the game genre.
this applies to chicken since it follows a radical approach to the drama genre, while following relevant themes of poverty. family abandonment as well as abuse. it is set in the uk which appeals to local audiences.
clay shirky – the media is dictated by the audience rather than a top down approach of propictors
participatory media – advertising on social media, such as facebook and twitter
Hesmondhalgh’s ideas that mitigate the ‘risky business’
Low budget migates major losses
‘Independents…provide a useful means of engaging audiences’
Using streaming services
Curran and Seaton and ideas of diverse landscape – It was then acquired by MUBI UK, and had its British TV premiere on FilmFour April 2017. It received its DVD and Blu-ray release by Network on 18 September 2017.
‘profit-driven motives take precedent over creativity’
Livingstone and Lunt of consumer model rather than citizen – original concept and indie design and so is different – freedom of choices as independent. Regulation of the industry through BBFC (British Board of Film Classification).
‘little accountability for citizens interests’
Gauntlet idea of ‘participatory culture’
Although the film lost money, it is about participating. The internet remains a force of good as online communities are created via ‘participatory culture’
The impact of new media technologies for cultural production
This spread is due to new tech as streaming services can promote more than just shown in cinema – helps independent films. The trailer increase the audience.
Audience Reception – Chicken received positive reviews and holds a 100% “Certified Fresh” rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 12 critic reviews. Guardian review, rated the film at four out of five stars stating that Scott Chambers’ performance is “superb”.
The film was shortlisted for Best Director (Joe Stephenson) and Best Newcomer (Scott Chambers) by the British Independent Film Awards.
Details
Budget raised entirely through investment by individuals, Filmed in 19 days.
Film produced and distributed by a new company set up by director Stephenson: B Good Picture Company
Some traditional marketing: trailer, film poster with review quotes etc. Social media very important to market film – Facebook, Twitter, YouTube.
‘Chicken’ was B Good Picture Company’s debut feature film. The critically acclaimed film had its theatrical release in 2016 in the UK during its award-winning festival tour. It has since been highly recognised by Stephen Frears, Ian McKellen, Noel Clarke, Karen Gillan and Mark Kermode.
The film went on to be selected by the curators of MUBI, and acquired by Film4. Its journey continued in September 2017 with its Blu-ray & DVD release in the UK courtesy of Network Releasing.
The film is on the new AQA Media Studies curriculum in the UK, studied by college students nationwide.
‘Chicken’ was released in the US exclusively on iTunes early 2018, and continues to maintain its 100% Fresh Rotten Tomatoes rating.
As well iTunes, it is now available in the US & UK on Amazon Prime
While still a young company by industry standards, B Good Picture Company’s reputation is growing rapidly, fast becoming one of the most exciting production companies in London.
B GOOD PICTURE COMPANY LTD is the London based Film and Television production company founded by Joe Stephenson. B Good has positioned itself in the UK industry as a young bold LGBTQ+ led company, working with A-list talent to create film and television appealing to a wide audience whilst retaining artistic integrity.
Hesmondhalgh says that the media is a risky business. B good
Funding In order to make Chicken, director Joe Stephenson raised £110,000. Key points:
Raised entirely through investment by individuals (e.g. rich friends/contacts)
2. No funding body (e.g. BFI Film Fund) was willing to fund Chicken
3. Raises questions about whether film industry is accessible to lower-income filmmakers
Production Key points for making Chicken:
Adapted from a play by Freddie Machin that originally ran at Southwark Playhouse.
2. Filmed in 19 days, almost all external locations so victim to rain, issues with lighting etc.
3. Film produced and distributed by a new company set up by director Stephenson: B Good Picture Company.
DistributionChicken’s distribution has been very difficult:
No distribution deal secured in 2014
2. Two-year festival circuit won awards and generated interest and critical acclaim for film
3. UK cinema release followed in May 2016. Selected for film subscription service MUBI and acquired by Film4 for TV premiere in April 2017.
4. UK DVD release distributed by Network Releasing. Digital distribution in USA/Canada – January 2018.
Promotion
Alongside film festivals, new technology was vital to promoting Chicken to a wider audience:
Some traditional marketing: trailer, film poster with review quotes etc.
Social media very important to market film – Facebook, Twitter, YouTube.
Film available on-demand now; Stephenson hoping for deal with Netflix or Amazon Prime to bring in revenue and find wider audience.
1) Why did the film fail to secure a distribution deal when first made in 2014? 2) What film festivals did Chicken feature at between 2014-2016? 3) Why are film festivals an effective way for a low-budget film to secure a distribution deal? 4) When was Chicken released in cinemas in the UK? 5) Why do you think film subscription service MUBI chose the film to feature on the service? 6) Why was Film4 a good choice to give the film its UK television premiere? 7) When will the film be released on iTunes and other video-on-demand services in the USA and Canada?
Funding
1) What was the budget for Chicken? £110,000 2) How did Joe Stephenson end up raising the money to make the film? He had no funding money as no one was willing to fund Chicken. Therefore he ended up raising funds entirely through investment by individuals (e.g. rich friends/contacts).
3)How does the Chicken budget compare to a Hollywood-funded British blockbuster such as Spectre or Paddington 2 Chicken is a microbudget film. It has a very low budget compared to Spectre ($245–250 million) and Paddington 2 ($50 million).
4)Joe Stephenson tried to secure funding from organisations that help low-budget filmmakers. What is the BFI Film Fund and how does it contribute to the British film industry? The BFI uses National Lottery funds to develop and support original UK filmmakers and films, and to increase the audiences who can enjoy them.
5)Why do you think Chicken failed to secure funding from the BFI Film Fund? I think Chicken failed to secure funding from the BFI Film Fund due to the controversial issues discussed in the film. The film deals with very sensitive issues that are hardly ever shown in movies (incense, mental disabilities, etc.) and it was unknown whether or not this film would be a success.
Production
1) What difficulties did the film run into during production? The film had to be shot in only 19 days due to the low budget. This meant that they had to get all scenes perfect in the limited time. This is especially difficult in the UK as the weather is very unreliable. Most of the scenes are exterior scenes. Even the interior scenes (inside the caravan) can be considered exterior as all the cameras and equipment is still outside.
Distribution
1) Why did the film fail to secure a distribution deal when first made in 2014? No one thought that the film was worthy of being distributed or if it would be a success.
2) What film festivals did Chicken feature at between 2014-2016? Chicken had its world premiere at the 2015 Edinburgh International Film Festival. 2015 Busan International Film Festival. 2016 Giffoni International Film Festival (won 2nd prize). Screened at Cine A La Vista International Film Festival 2016 (won best film)
3) Why are film festivals an effective way for a low-budget film to secure a distribution deal? It allows the film to reach a wide audience. Many of the people that go to film festivals enjoy films like Chicken, where the story is very different and the quality of the film exceeds expectations. These people may then go off to recommend the film to others. Alternatively, there may be influential media people who go to film festivals and end up distributing a film they particularly like. The awards given to films by these film festivals are also extremely beneficial in creating a positive reputation of the film.
4) When was Chicken released in cinemas in the UK?
May 20th 2016
5) Why do you think film subscription service MUBI chose the film to feature on the service? MUBI’s motto is ‘a hand picked selection of the best films’. Therefore they chose Chicken to feature on their service as they believed that it was an incredible film. It also challenges the status quo.
6) Why was Film4 a good choice to give the film its UK television premiere? Film4 (channel 4) was the best choice for Chicken’s television premiere because it is a very popular channel in the UK. Therefore, the film has a higher chance of reaching people who would enjoy it.
7) When will the film be released on iTunes and other video-on-demand services in the USA and Canada? 16th January 2018
Joe Stephenson (director) and B good picture company (new)
micro budget film (independent financing) £110k
raises issues around the role of national cinema
produced outside of the mainstream for niche audiences
reflects shifting patterns of audience consumption (HESMONDHALGH)
traditional advertising – poster, soial media
DISTTIBURION
PSB
27 June 2015 Edinburgh international film festival (world premiere)
International premiere – 2015 Busan international film festival
screened at New Hampshire international film festival (Grand jury award for narrative feature) Giffoni international film festival (Silver 2nd best film)
British TV premiere FilmFour April 2017 and on subscritption service MUBI
DVD and BluRay release by (uk)Network 18 september 2017 – US/CANADA 2018
BRITISH INDEPENDENT FILM AWARDS
Shortlisted best director (Joe Stephenson) and Best new comer (Scott Chambers)
UK CINEMA RELEASE MAY 2016
FILMING
Eben Bolter (one person)
hollywood – full camera crews or film set
filmed in 19 days – hollywood takes years
rained a lo so issues with lighting
THEORIES
HESMONDHALGH – “businesses in the cultural industries try to minimise risk and maximise audiences through vertical and horizontal integration” – risky business
GERBNER – cultivation theory
HALL – theory of preferred reading
SHIRKY – “we are now more likely to use the internet and other technologies to respond to texts and create our own”
2015 British drama film directed by Joe Stephenson, based on the play of the same name by Freddie Machin
Chicken follows a 15 year old boy with learning difficulties who lives in a caravan with older brother Polly. Richard frequently finds himself on the wrong side of Polly’s destructive, often violent moods. Richard prefers communicating with animals, particularly, his hen Fiona.
Chicken had its world premier on the 27th June 2015 – Edinburgh International Film Festival
Chicken follows the style of social realism – the film can be viewed as content that is outside the mainstream media industry
Independent film – budget – £110,000 – no outside funding
Produced by B Good Picture Company
Chicken received positive reviews and holds a 100% “certified fresh” rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 12 critic reviews
CineVue praised the film and mentioned that it is “the sort of British indie which restores faith in cinema”
DVD – 2017 (UK) 2018 (US)
Available on iTunes, UK & US Amazon Prime
Socio, economic and cultural contexts – contemporary cultural production, reflects shifting patterns of audience consumption
Filmed in 19 days, almost all external locations so victim to rain, issues with lighting etc
No distribution deal secured in 2014
Two-year festival circuit won awards and generated interest and critical acclaim for film
UK cinema release followed in May 2016, selected for film subscription service MUBI and acquired by Film4 for TV premiere in April 2017
