Curran and Seaton

-The idea that the media is controlled by a small number of companies primarily driven by the logic of profit and power 

-The idea that media concentration generally limits or inhibits variety, creativity and quality 

-The idea that more socially diverse patterns of ownership help to create the conditions for more varied and adventurous media productions 

Noam chomsky

-Mass media is all propaganda

-Filter 1: size and profit orientation Large organisations are often profit orientation rather than serving on the interest of the public.

-Filter 2: The advertising license the majority of a corporation’s revenue is obtained from advertising. Therefore even outlets that stereotypically were not made to advertise choose a bias

-Filter 3: Sourcing mass media news Large media news outlets are widely trusted by the public. However, in order to keep a large audience news stories often have to be manipulated and changed in order to please other powerful members of society

-Filter 4: Flak and the enforcers Flak is the negative response an audience gives to a media source. This can have a devistating effect on a companies profit or representation. Thus loosing them audience members

–Filter 5: Anti-communism/war on terror War on terror is a major social control mechanism

Jurgen Habermas public sphere

-The public sphere is a metaphorical area in which public opinions are formed. This theory suggests that an audience are active consumers and take a particular stance as oppose to a passive

Antonio Gramsci hegemony

-Gramsci talks about the hierarchies that have formed in society and how they effect certain individuals. Those in a position of hegemonic power often control the stereotypes we believe in their favour through the media

Louis Althusser interpellation

Interpellation is the process in which we internalise societies values and make them our own. For example, stereotypes in society that are referenced and referred to as normal which through cultivation we are led to believe are true