Pastiche – a work of art, drama, literature, music, or architecture that imitates the work of a previous artist

Parody – a work or performance that imitates another work or performance with ridicule or irony

Bricolage – involves the rearrangement and juxtaposition of previously unconnected signs to produce new codes of meaning

Intertextuality – surface signs, gestures and play

Metanarrative – narratives of historical meaning, experience, or knowledge, which offers a society legitimation through the anticipated completion of a (as yet unrealized) master idea.

Simulacrum – simulations of reality

Hyperreality – the simulation is more real than reality.

Syncretism –

Double consciousness – the internal conflict experienced by subordinated or colonized groups in an oppressive society.  Black and british, black and american.

Hybridisation

Paul Gilroy is insistent that ‘we must become interested in how the literary and cultural as well as governmental dynamics of the country have responded to that process of change and what it can tell us about the place of racism in contemporary political culture.’ (2004:13)