Postmodernism was a broad movement in the mid to late 20th century of philosophy, architecture. It questioned the western philosophy and thought of the western world. Genre of architecture in reaction against principles and practices of established ‘modernism’.
Pastiche- A pastiche is a work of art, literature, theatre, or music that imitates the style or character of the work of one or more other artist from a time period.
Bricolage- french for for ‘tinkering’ this is because artists/architects put together objects in a way they were not designed to be used for, to create something new.
Intertextuality- shaping of a texts meaning by using another text.
Implosion- Sudden failure of a system
Cultural appropriation- The usage of elements from another culture besides your own without permission. Often done by those of a dominant culture from a less advantaged culture without appreciating their culture.
Over the weekend, I’ve been playing around with some coding languages (a bit of JavaScript, Java and CSS) and even Scratch (drag and drop coding software) but it looks really blocky and doesn’t run a smooth animation. Therefore I am going to explore Adobe After Effects as that can save as a film for definite as it’s a film editing software and there’s loads of tutorials on how to animate on it
“Facebook (and its subsidiaries WhatsApp, Instagram and Messenger), Alphabet (notably Google and YouTube) and Twitter – Together these have become the virtual public sphere (A term popularized by Habermas)”
Digital Democracy = the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in political and governance processes. “Digital platforms will become even more powerful than they currently are, such that they become gateways not just to commercial services, but to public services like healthcare, education and transport.”
Surveillance Democracy = “The state will ascribe far more power to itself, such that it has much greater ability to watch, nudge and direct its citizens … many of the freedoms that citizens currently enjoy will be much more constrained”
Rehacked Digital Democracy = “Those that want to head in this direction will need to rethink what democracy really means , and what aspects of it need protecting. Having figured this out, they will need to radically reform their current political systems and redistribute power in a way that many incumbents will not like.”
Robert McChesney – (Book) = Communication Revolutions– Idea = Critical Junctures – A major episode of institutional innovation that generates an enduring legacy. An example of this is how today, a growing number of people are recognising that many democratic political systems are no longer trustworthy/ reliable or working as they should.
Steven Levy = ‘Hacker Ethics’ = “All information should be free”. Access to computers, and any information that may teach the user how the world works should be free for use. (Six Tenets)
Facebook’s tools meant that campaigners could not only reach voters directly but their message could be effectively endorsed by people in a voters social network (friends/ family). Facebook directly targeted ‘opinion leaders’ as these people were most vocal and likely to influence those in their social network. Therefore, voters, especially those who were indifferent, were far more influenced by their social network rather than directly from campaigners.
Over 8 million people were exposed to VoteLeave content on Facebook during the last few days of the referendum campaign, reaching 40 million by the end of the campaign.
Without facebook and its political tools, the outcome of many campaigns and referendums would have ended differently as they would have had a much smaller impact.
Anyone could use Facebook as a ‘propaganda machine’, especially those against the democratic system.
Modern public service platforms cannot be democratic (At least not in the sense of liberal democracy) Most people are reliant upon these platforms in order to manage their education, energy, health and transport. Due to this the government or authorities will continually have less power, especially as these powers grow increasingly more powerful and popular.
With modern technology and platforms such as Google, Facebook and TfL it is hard to maintain a true democratic government. In my opinion, There are two sides to modern politics, the ‘real’ world and the ‘online’ world where the rules are both completely different. In the ‘real’ world a democracy (in theory) is easily maintained in a government with electorates being limited to a certain amount of money in order to campaign and promote their party. However, on the ‘Online’ world this number doesn’t have a limit, allowing those with more connections and money to be force-fed to voters, in a way brainwashing them through targeted advertising especially through political algorithms like facebooks.
The Network Effect – ‘ The network effect is a phenomenon whereby increased numbers of people or participants improve the value of a good or service. The Internet is an example of the network effect. Initially, there were few users on the Internet since it was of little value to anyone outside of the military and some research scientists.’
Turning the network effect into profit – Even though facebook is free, advertisers and marketers DO pay for user data, which is mostly unknowingly permitted by users through the terms of service (Not many people read this section and just agree).
“It is a world where authoritarian governments have worked out how to ‘tame’ the internet such that it enhances their power’
