News Values- News values are criteria that influence the selection and presentation of events as published news. These values help explain what makes something “newsworthy”.
Gatekeepers- Gatekeeping is the process through which information is filtered for dissemination, whether for publication, broadcasting, the Internet, or some other mode of communication.
Regulation- This regulation, via law, rules or procedures, can have various goals, for example intervention to protect a stated “public interest”, or encouraging competition and an effective media market, or establishing common technical standards.
Deregulation- These were principally that ownership deregulation would result in benefits for all sectors: for the traditional media, an emerging new media and the public. The traditional media would be released from restrictions, which had prevented it from competing with new media; from accessing new customers and opportunities.
Free market: The free market is an economic system based on supply and demand with little or no government control. Based on its political and legal rules, a country’s free market economy may range between very large or entirely black market
Monopolies: Monopolies are thus characterized by a lack of economic competition to produce the good or service, a lack of viable substitute goods, and the possibility of a high monopoly price well above the seller’s marginal cost that leads to a high monopoly profit.
Mergers: Media mergers are a result of one media related company buying another company for control of their resources in order to increase revenues and viewership. Successful media companies usually buy out other companies to make them more powerful, profitable, and able to reach a larger viewing audience.
Media concentration: Concentration of media ownership (also known as media consolidation or mediaconvergence) is a process whereby progressively fewer individuals or organizations control increasing shares of the mass media.
Conglomerates: A conglomerate is a multi-industry company – i.e., a combination of multiple business entities operating in entirely different industries under one corporate group, usually involving a parent company and many subsidiaries. Conglomerates are often large and multinational.
Globalisation (in terms of media ownership): media globalization is the worldwide integration of mediathrough the cross-cultural exchange of ideas, while technological globalizationrefers to the cross-cultural development and exchange of technology.
Vertical Integration: vertical integration is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is owned by that company. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need.
Horizontal Integration-Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same part of the supply chain. A company may do this via internal expansion, acquisition or merger. The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market for that product or service
Neo-liberalism: Neoliberalism is characterised by free market trade, deregulation of financial markets, privatisation, individualisation, and the shift away from state welfare provision.
Alt-Right: an ideological grouping associated with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterised by a rejection of mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate deliberately controversial content.
Surveillance: Mass surveillance is the intricate surveillance of an entire or a substantial fraction of a population in order to monitor that group of citizens
Privacy: Privacy is the right to be left alone, to control unwanted publicity. It is in direct opposition to the business of the media: they do not want to leave people alone.
Security: Social media security is the process of analyzing dynamic social media data in order to protect against security and business threats. Every industry faces a unique set of risks on social, many of which have put organizations in the press or at the center of controversy.
GDPR: The General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 is a regulation in EU law on data protection and privacy in the European Union and the European Economic Area. It also addresses the transfer of personal data outside the EU and EEA areas.
The Leveson Enquiry: The Leveson inquiry was a judicial public inquiry into the culture, practices and ethics of the British press following the News International phone hacking scandal, chaired by Lord Justice Leveson, who was appointed in July 2011.
The Cairncross Review (read these questions under consideration: