- Roland Barthes – was a french theorist, semiotician, philosopher and critic who wrote a book on mythologies. Which was a collection of essays taken from Les Lettres nouvelles, examining the tendency of contemporary social value systems to create modern myths.
- C. S. Peirce – Charles was an American philosopher, mathematician, and a scientist who was also known as “the father of pragmatism”. He was educated as a chemist and employed as a scientist for thirty years. Pierce’s theory of signs is known to be one of the most complex semiotic theories due to its extensive claim. Anything is a sign—not absolutely as itself, but instead in some relation or other. It defines three roles encompassing (1) the sign, (2) the sign’s subject matter, and (3) the sign’s meaning or consequence as formed into a kind of effect called its interpretant.
- Ferdinand de Saussure – Ferdinand de Saussure was a Swiss linguist and semiotician. His ideas laid a foundation for many significant developments in both linguistics, and semiology in the 20th century. He is widely considered one of the founders of 20th-century linguistics and one of two major founders of semiotics/semiology.
- Semiotics – The study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation.
- Sign – A gesture, an object, quality, or event whose presence or occurrence indicates the probable presence or occurrence of something else .
- Signifier – A sign’s physical form (such as a sound, printed word, or image) as distinct from its meaning.
- Signified – The meaning or idea expressed by a sign, as distinct from the physical form in which it is expressed.
- an iconic sign – Is a direct connection to an object e.g. it looks or sounds like the object.
- an indexical sign – Is which has an indirect link to its’ object e.g. the word “rose” makes you think of flowers.
- a symbolic sign – Is which has a random link based on a shared knowledge or an agreement, e.g. letters, shapes, colours, sound effects, facial expressions.
- Code – A system of words, letters, figures, or symbols used to represent another meaning.
- Dominant Signifier – The main sign
- Anchorage – Anchorage is when a piece of media uses another piece of media to reduce the amount of connotations in the first, therefore allowing the audience to interpret it much more easily. for instance, in a newspaper, pictures are accompanied by a caption that allows us to understand what the picture is showing us
- Paradigm – a collection of signs/ things
- Syntagm – A sign within a sequence, changing it’s meaning
- Signifcation – The representation of a meaning.
- Denotation – The primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests. (Bathes)
- Connotation – A certain meaning of a sign.
- Myth – A story that is believed but had no evidence of truthDominant Ideology,
- Radical text – texts which challenge the dominant ideology or myths which can be referred to as ‘radical’.
- Dominant Ideology – An ideology is a world view, a system of values, attitudes and beliefs which an individual, group or society holds to be true or important; these are shared by a culture or society about how that society should function. Dominant ideologies.
- A reactionary text – the opposite of radical text supports Dominant ideas
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20/22, Good detail :). However you forgot ‘Dominant Ideology’ and Radical text could be defined as ‘texts which challenge the dominant ideology or myths which can be referred to as ‘radical’.