Depth of field is the the range of distance within which all objects will be in sharp focus in a scene.

Shallow focus shots have a part of the shot that is in focus but the rest of the shot is not in focus. Whereas a deep focus shot is where every part of the shot is in focus.

Depth of field has been used in this scene from the film Hunt For the Wilderpeople to show off the natural environment and setting of the film fully, using a deep focus shot.

The pan is when the camera moves horizontally from a fixed position. It is used in the film The Grand Budapest Hotel multiple times. It adds comedy to the film as well as a faster pace and more engaging action to a scene.

The dolly zoom is used to show a character having an intense internal experienced. It is used in the animated film Ratatouille to show the intense emotions eating the ratatouille is causing the critic, as he remembers the taste from his childhood and is having a flashback.

The track is used to immerse the audience in a scene. It is used in the film Shaun Of The Dead to let the audience experience the protagonist, Shaun’s, average day, as if the audience are experiencing it themselves. It also adds to the comedy, as a later scene in the film using the tracking shot, which mirrors the original scene exactly, shows how unobservant he is, as the audience would notice the zombies whilst being put in his shoes, whilst Shaun does not.

This low angle shot from The Avengers presents the antagonist of the film, Loki, to be a powerful villain. This would make the audience feel like he is a serious threat to the protagonists. The low angle shot also displays how the character sees himself as more powerful and important than humans, and enjoys the feeling of being powerful, as in the next shot, humans are kneeling below him.

This high angle shot from the film Dune, uses the high angle to present the character as powerless and vulnerable against the Sandworm. This contrasts the low angle shots also used in the scene to display the extreme power of the sandworm.

This birds eye view shot from the film Knives Out emphasizes the emotions of the character Marta, as she had just gone through a lot and now it is all over, so she can relax. The high angle shot is often used for displaying crime scenes, so this shot mirrors a crime scene, especially since she is laying down with a knife. This might suggest what could have been if the knife was not fake.