One Point Perspective:

One point perspective is the horizon of the shot and how it directs the viewers attention using the horizon and framing. An example of this would be a famous shot from The Shining(1980, Kubrick) He used One point perspective in a scene where a tracking steadicam shot follows Danny through the house and he eventually runs into the Grady twins at the end of a corridor, this narrow corridor creates a very vivid framing for the scene which acts as a guide for the viewers attention, this guide directs the observers attention towards the Grady twins and because of the One Point perspective the viewer is almost forced to keep looking at the twins almost as if there is no where else for them to look. This scene can be seen to imply a sense of no escape, as if the family is trapped in this house for the winter and the ‘Exit’ sign on the right side of the shot creates a sense of irony while also hinting to the idea of the family being trapped.

Symmetry:

Symmetry is a technique which makes a shot seem unnatural, it reduces the verisimilitude within the narrative. But a shot which uses symmetry can be visually stunning and done right can attract the viewers attention more and get the observer more interested in the film. A symmetrical shot can be used to imply an idea, such as a mundane routine, A director/cinematographer could use symmetry to emphasise the idea and concept of a mundane routine which a character may follow. Furthermore, another example of where a film COULD use symmetry is if a character is lost, whether that be a maze or not, a good example of this is scene in The Shining(1980, Kubrick)

Deep Focus:

Deep focus is where everything in the shot is in focus, the background, foreground e.tc. In Citizen Kane(1941, Orson Welles) deep focus is used to display to the viewer all the context and information about the argument/discussion that they’re having. To further explain- the parents are the closest and therefore the biggest in the shot, this is because they have the most power in this situation since they’re arguing about their son. The other person, who’s trying to persuade the parents to sign over their son is further from the camera than the parents because he has less control/power in the situation. In the far background, through the window in shot, the boy is playing outside in the snow – this would make him the furthest from the camera and this has obviously been done to convey the message that the boy is oblivious to what’s happening inside.

Steadicam Tracking:

Steadicam tracking is when a cameraman uses a steadicam while tracking the character or object. This is commonly used when the camera is following a characters who’s running away from something, and this can be seen to convey the message that the thing that’s chasing them(if anything chasing them) is getting closer, this technique builds huge suspense, tension and anxiety for the viewers especially in horror films where that’s the goal. In The Shining(1980, Kubrick) this was used brilliantly is one of the ending scenes where Danny is running away from Jack in a maze, The tracking shot is accompanied with a eye-level shot from behind Danny, which creates more tension on top of the tracking shot because is could emphasise to the viewer that Danny is only a small kid, which would create more sympathy/empathy within the viewer for Danny.