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Cinematography 2: BCU/ECU & Inserts

An insert shot is used to put a light on a specific detail in a film. They’re usually filmed separately from the rest of the sequence. They’re usually made to provide detail and are focused on a character. object or a place and they can create dramatic irony (the audience is given knowledge that the characters are not aware of), give more empathy to something in that scene or it can create sympathy for a character.

The Spectrum of The Arts

How to read a film 

Performance arts happen in real time, they are arts or skills that require a performance in front of a public audience. Examples are singing, dancing and acting. Other forms of the Performing Arts include theatre, opera, magic or illusion performances, mime, conversely spoken word and public speaking. 

Representational arts depend on the established codes and conventions of language (both pictorial and literary) to convey information from the subject to the observer. Examples of Representational Arts are books, graphic novels, posters, sculpture and paintings. 

The Recording Arts provide a more direct path between subject and observer: media not without their own codes but qualitatively more direct than the media of representational arts. For example, television, music videos, video games and, most obviously, Film. 

 An example of a film that ‘blurs the boundaries’ is The Greatest Showman. The Greatest Showman is a Film and a musical which means it is part of the Recording Arts as it incorporates many sonic elements as well as visual. The sonic elements are the musical performances and the visuals are, quite simply, the visuals (what you can see on screen) 

Cinematography


Cinematography is the science and art of motion-picture photography and filming either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock. A cinematographer or director of photography (sometimes shortened to DP or DOP) is the chief over the camera and light crews working on a film, television production or other live action piece and is responsible for making artistic and technical decisions related to the image.

A cinematographer’s job is different from a directors job because The cinematographer is the head of the camera and lighting crew. They work side by side with camera operators, camera assistants, gaffers, and the light and grip crew. The director’s main task is to interpret the script and transform it into a film.

Mise En Scene

Props

The best use of Props in film are props that which are iconic, props with emotional or cultural significance, which is why I have decided to use Wilson from Castaway. What probably started as a simple practical solution to keep Tom Hanks talking while he’s alone on screen turns into so much more. As we watch tom hanks cope with his loneliness by turning the simple painted volleyball into a friend, projecting his emotions and fears onto it, we as viewers start to do it alongside him. Our empathy for Hanks drives our connection with Wilson who sits there quietly collecting all our vicarious identification in reaping the rewards by becoming one of the most loveable hunks of leather there ever was.

Costumes

They say that clothes make the man, but in Hollywood they often tell his story. The genre of science fiction allows directors and costume designers to run wild with imagination and this couldn’t be more obvious in the fifth element. Designed by the legendary Jean Paul Gaultier. Is there a better sci-fi wardrobe than Ruby Rhod, But it doesn’t end there. There’s Leeloo’s iconic white straps, Gary Oldman’s frigid turtlenecks. Gaultier personally designed over 900 costumes for the film, from the stars to the extras, with an eye towards playing with and against notions of sexuality and gender. It’s one of the coolest and impressive Science Fiction wardrobes to date.

Hair and Makeup

Movie Makeup can do a lot more than hide a few wrinkles and make attractive actors look even better. It has the power to bring imaginary characters to life. The film I have chosen to speak about is the elephant man. Originally the director, David lynch, decided that he was going to deign the makeup entirely himself. however, it didn’t turn out so well, in fact it was a disaster. In a week before shooting began a panic production finally brought Christopher Tucker, an actual makeup artist on board and he certainly had his work cut out for him. His design included 15 different sections that he worked on with his team for up to 49 hours at a time in preparation, and in order to properly simulate the real life John Merrick who died in 1890. tucker worked off not just a cast made of his head but his actual skeleton. when the academy didn’t honor him with a special award voters sent angry letters in protest, which prompted the Academy to introduce the best makeup category the very next year. that’s right, The Elephant Man was the film that convinced the Academy to honor makeup.

Set Design

Set design demands nothing less than the creation of worlds, apart from the actors, the lighting and the cameras, design controls everything else that appears on screen, turning words and fantasies into reality. In ‘Her’ the director went in a completely different direction to Bladerunner, envisioning a future that fetishizes the retro, recognizing that in the right context the retro can look futuristic too. Its world looks mostly like our won with a few key additions and subtractions that allow it to feel ever so slightly other. It is possibly the most naturalistic vision of the future ever put to film, but so emotionally intelligent in that achievement. recognizing that future consumers won’t want to be sold a future, but a more comfortable link to an idealized past.

Summer Task

Who won the 2019 Oscars?

Why are The Oscars so important to the film industry?

The Oscars are important because they show the appreciation to the art of filmmaking and award those involved for the time, effort and dedication that film makers have put into their work, they award the key roles in film and choose the best films of that year.

Best picture: Green Book

Best Director: Alfonso Cuaron

Best Actor: Rami Malek

Best Actress: Olivia Colman

Best Original Screenplay: Green Book

Best Editing: Bohemian Rhapsody

Best Cinematography: Roma

Best Sound Design: Bohemian Rhapsody

Best Production Design: Black Panther

The roles of these movie production elements are:

Screenplay- the screenplay is the script of the film this includes acting instructions and screen directions.

Editing- film editing is the practice of assembling shots into a coherent sequence.

Cinematography- Cinematography is the science and art of capturing, manipulating and storing of moving images in order to create a motion picture.

The person responsible for the technical process that gives a film its unique look and feel is called the cinematographer or director of photography (DP).

Sound design- sound design is the art and practice of capturing and creating sound tracks for a specific purpose. It is use in film to create atmosphere or enhance scenes.

Production design- in film and television, a production designer is the person responsible for the overall visual look of the production.

What makes a good film?

A film, like all art should invoke an emotional response whether it be joy and elation or sadness and despair as well as fear and terror. A film contains a fairly basic list of requirements to be considered an average film: a basic plot, direction, a script, a score/soundtrack etc. however, a good film changes or revitalises one of these basic elements. A good film should find a way to improve upon the basic requirements, it should be original, it should be unique. For example, A Quiet Place, released in 2018 it changed something about the status quo, sound design. A quiet place has a basic premise, however, that is completely irrelevant, what makes its execution unique is the fact that it is an almost entirely silent film, it has a soundtrack, above average direction by John Krazinski, excellent performances by the small cast and it creates a unique aura of fear and gut wrenching emotional payoffs. A Quiet place is not an average film nor a good one, it is a revolutionary event in cinema with its fair share of imitators but all fall short of its original goal, to create a wholly unique experience for those who view it. Baby Driver has created numerous responses each time I have watched it, much like a quiet place, baby driver creates a unique viewing experience based on sound but this is where the similarities end. I talked earlier about the directing in Baby Driver and how it is masterful. Edgar Wright, the director of Baby Driver, is one of my all time favourite Directors, he has often been described as a style over substance director, to which I always retort ‘what have you got against style?’ The problem with this statement is that it implies that there is no substance. Edgar Wright’s style comes from his unique Direction. There are a number of scenes in Baby driver that use practical camera movements all of these scenes could have been completed in several easier ways but due to Wright’s unique direction it impresses the audience. I have spoken about how a good film needs to be unique or original, what makes Baby Driver unique is its use of music and sound, any scene featuring music is shot in time with the music chosen specifically by Wright, most songs are chosen before filing for scenes starts. A good film does not need to have an original or complex story, it should be unique, something that would make it stand out, performances are important but a good film doesn’t need perfect performances it should make the audience feel exactly how the director wants. A filmmaker should have at least one goal, make the audience feel something, and if they can do that then it’s a good film.

Created by Torin Keeney

My All Time Favourite Films

My all time favourite films of all time are:

Best Picture: Baby Driver

Best Director: Edgar Wright

Best actor: John Hamm

Best actress: Tilda Swinton

Best soundtrack: Baby Driver

This list was difficult to complete because I found that there are many options I could’ve chosen to complete this list, for example: for best picture it was a three tie between Baby Driver, Snowpiercer, and District 9. My love of Baby Driver stems from the practical elements of filming as well as the masterful direction by Edgar Wright whereas my love for Snowpiercer comes from the story, characters, performances and world building, so much effort was put into making the universe of Snowpiercer understandable and believable (ironic for a science fiction film set in an alternate reality).  District 9 was another one of my choices for best picture because of its visual effects and use of makeup and prosthetics, there are multiple scenes in which practical applications of effects are used alongside CGI and in some cases instead of CGI, I chose Baby Driver because of its excellent performances, palpable chemistry between the two leads, masterful direction and its incredible soundtrack.

Created by Torin Keeney