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The birth of Cinema and The Hollywood Dream

The World Discovers a New Art Form

  • What was the name of the first film made by the Lumiere Brother and when was this?​

This first film shows workers leaving the Lumière factory which was filmed on 19 March 1895

  • What is the “Phantom Ride”?​

The films simply show the progress of a vehicle moving forwards, usually shot by strapping a cameraman to the front. The term phantom ride was applied because the position of the camera meant that only the track and scenery could be seen and the movement appeared to be coming from an invisible force

  • What was ground-breaking about the silent films “The Sick Kitten” and “Life of an American Fireman”?​

The Sick Kitten – Introduced the close up on the kitten to show extra detail in 1903

Life of an American Fireman – Introduced the cutting between 2 locations of the outside of the house and the interior of the house shot in late 1902 and released in 1903

  • What was the name of the first “film star” in Hollywood?​

Florence Lawrence born in 1886 and died 1938

The Thrill Becomes Story

  • According to Cousins, why did the hub of film production in the USA move from the East Coast of America to Hollywood?​

Directors tried to get away from the copyright (pateths)of Thomas Edison’s Company of using cameras. This meant they could get away from West Coast New York. Also the climate and geography was diverse in the West Coast.

  • Which nation’s film industry does Cousin’s describe as “the best in the world” in the 1910’s and why?​

Scandinavian Film – Denmark (and also Sweden)

  • Give an example of two films and two directors from this place and time cited by Cousin’s as remarkable.​

The Danish filmmaker Carl Theodor Dreyer (1889–1968) is considered one of the greatest directors in the history of cinema. Other Danish filmmakers of note include Benjamin Christensen, who outside his native country directed several horror classics including Häxan (1922) and Seven Footprints to Satan (1929)

Cinema going to Jersey

How many cinema screens were there on Jersey during the “Golden Age” of cinema ? (1930s to 60s)

The New Era cinema opened in 1954 and closed in 1980 which had 770 seats. The Forum Cinema was opened in 1935 and closed in 1981. The Odeon was the last of the 4 post war cinemas which opened in 1952 and closed in 2004.

•How many cinema screens are there now?

Cineworld has 10 screens

•What independent cinema spaces currently exist on Jersey?

There are no more independent cinemas in Jersey.

•Explain why the number of cinema’s have declined over the years and what you think the implications are for the film industry in general.

There needs to be a range of different films however this means that not many art films are showed as Cineworld needs to make money.

Inquiry – Screenplay

JOKER – My Choice

Joker (2019) shows the arc of a semi-normal man turn insane as life is so cruel and a world that ignores him. It begins as he is lied to and bullied to by Murray, his mother and most people in Gotham. This leads to him turning mad and begin killing people and starting a revolt. This spiral dismisses most generic narrative theory as Joker only spirals more and more out of control.

112 INT. DIRECTOR’S BOOTH, STUDIO 4B – CONTINUOUS 112 The associate producer tries not to laugh, but she can’t help it. The director looks over at her like she’s lost her mind.

DIRECTOR (shakes his head) Okay, ready Camera Two. Take Two. Ready Three. Three. ON THE MONITORS, some of the audience cracks up. Joker smiles at the response. Murray Franklin shakes his head, smirking at the joke despite himself.

MURRAY FRANKLIN (ON MONITORS) So, Arthur, you told me backstage that your– Joker leans over interrupting Murray, whispers something to him.

113 INT. TALK SHOW SET, STAGE – STUDIO 4B – CONTINUOUS 113 Murray nods as Joker whispers. MURRAY FRANKLIN (bemused smile; patronizing) Right. Sorry. I mean Joker– you told me backstage that your mother’s a big fan of the show, that she never misses it. Joker puts the notebook back in his pocket. Crosses his legs, starting to get a bit more comfortable.

JOKER That’s right, Murray. But she’s dead now. The audience laughs.

MURRAY FRANKLIN (goes along with the “joke”) Hold on. Your mother’s dead?

JOKER Yeah. She is. Murray’s not sure if this is part of his act. 108.

Scott Pilgrim vs. The World – Group Project

Scott Pilgrim vs. The World has an excellent screenplay as it balances the grand scale of superpowered X’s who Scott must fight with the main narrative being about a guy who likes a girl. This follows Campbell’s Hero’s Journey as Scott is placed with an obstacle of the X’s or Ramona not phoning back and is helped by the Helper (Propp) of Wallace who aids Scott to keep going. This section of screenplay is mostly shot/reverse shot which saves time as well as

INT. WALLACE’S APARTMENT — DAY

Scott slumps on the couch, phone pressed to his ear. Wallace cooks bacon in the kitchen (no pants). We hear the OUTGOING MESSAGE: This is an automated voice messaging system. RAMONA is not available, please record your message after the beep.

SCOTT

Hey. It’s me, Scott again. Call me back. Scott Pilgrim. (hangs up) What’s the deal? Seriously.

Scott ambles over to the fridge and rests his head on it.

WALLACE

Yeah, you said that last night.

SCOTT

You know what really sucks though?

WALLACE

What?

SCOTT

Everything!

WALLACE

Come on guy, you can’t say you didn’t see this coming. It was right under your nose.

Wallace points to the NOTE Ramona scribbled which is pinned literally under Scott’s nose on the refrigerator:

RAMONA FLOWERS, 212-664-7665, xxxxxxx

WALLACE

What did you think these were?

SCOTT

Kisses? Seven little kisses?

WALLACE

Seven deadly X’s.

Wallace cocks an eyebrow. Scott slides to the floor.

SCOTT

Why does everything have to be so complicated?

Wallace crouches down to join Scott on the floor.

WALLACE

If you want something bad, you have to fight for it. Step up your game. Break out the L-word.

SCOTT

Lesbian?

WALLACE

The other L-word.

SCOTT

Lesbians?

WALLACE

Okay, it’s ”love.” I wasn’t trying to trick you or anything. You have to overcome any and all obstacles that lie in your path. You have the spirit of a warrior, Scott. You can do it! Be with her! It’s your destiny!(beat) Plus, I need you to move out.

No Country for Old Men – Individual Project

I chose No Country for Old Men as, like Joker, it discards the traditions of normal narrative of the hero winning and saving the day by letting the antagonist win at the end of the film. This is outstanding screenplay as it shows the gritty and real nature of life. This section of screenplay is also good as, being near the end of the film, a confrontation may occur between the characters however it ends with just more death as Chigurh seems unstoppable and kills Carla without second a second thought. This screenplay was also efficient as being a shot/reverse shot, this means that only 1 turnaround is needed and so saves time.

CARLA JEAN
…You don’t have to do this
CHIGURH
People always say the same thing
CARLA JEAN
What do they say
CHIGURH
They say ‘You don’t have to do this’
CARLA JEAN
You don’t
CHIGURH

Ok (flips coin) This is the best I can do – Call it
CARLA JEAN
I know you was crazy when I saw you sitting there. I know exactly what was in store for me
CHIGURH
Call it

CARLA JEAN

No. I ain’t gonna call it

CHIGURH

(Sigh) Call it

CARLA JEAN

The coin don’t have no say. It’s just you (desperately)

CHIGURH

I got the same way the coin did

EXT. HOUSE
Minutes later.
A beat.
He pauses with each boot in turn.
open and Chigurh emerges.

Portfolio Outline

Production Role 1 Production Role 2 Production Role 3 – Complete Film
ROLE Sound Cinematography Director
GENRE (SUBGENRE) Horror B Drama B
MOVEMENT INFLUENCE(S) A B A B
PRACTITIONER INFLUENCE (S) Stanley Kubrick B Nik Summerer B
TARGET AUDIENCE Teenagers B A B
PRODUCTION SCALE Small B Large B
KEY THEMES/ISSUES A B B

Score

  • The score for a film is the (theme) music composed especially for it to enhance the mood/themes of the visuals which appear on screen.​
  • The underscore is music which is played “under” sequences to enhance mood and this is often mixed with dialogue and/or sound effects.

Favourite Score – Star Wars as it clearly sets the mood for the scene such as Binary Sunset creating a sense of hope and beginning of a journey or Imperial March with a trombone that sets the power of Darth Vader.

Narration

A voice over is a sound device wherein one hears the voice of a character and/or narrator speaking but the character in question is not speaking those words on screen

Example : The Sixth Sense

Sound Motif

sound effect or combination of sound effects that are associated with a particular character, setting, situation or idea through the film. ​

Examples :

  • Darth Vader – Imperial March
  • Indiana Jones – Theme
  • Jaws – Theme
  • Superman – Theme (John Williams) https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwix9YLGhNjlAhVBqHEKHazeDVMQtwIwAHoECAUQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DKOqiIX1Z5Fo&usg=AOvVaw3Mr1n3LHVpYhO_wPme0OQ3

Foley Artist

A Foley Artist adds in sound effects to the movie in Post-Production

Examples

Horse Hooves – stuffing the half coconuts with fabric for a more realistic sound

Footsteps on Grass – stuffing the half coconuts with fabric for a more realistic sound

Arrow Passing – swing a bamboo stick past the microphone to create the sound of an arrow passing by