1 – What: Pan

How: Move the camera horizontally left or right. Ideally, you should use a tripod for a smooth effect. To be a great “panner”, practice the shot several times at several speeds before you feel comfortable with it.
Why: To follow a subject or show the distance between two objects. Pan shots also work great for panoramic views such as a shot from a mountaintop to the valley below.
. Look at the scene as the pan reaches the middle portion between the beginning and end of the scene. If there is nothing worth seeing, than the pan isn’t worth shooting.

2 – What: Tilt

How: Moving the camera up or down without raising its position.
Why: Like panning, to follow a subject or to show the top and bottom of a stationary object. With a tilt, you can also show how high something is.

In general, when you tilt up and shoot an object or a person they look larger and thicker. The subject looks smaller and thinner when you tilt down.
3 – What: Pedestal

How: Not tilting, but physically moving the height of the camera up or down, usually on a tripod.
Why: You pedestal the camera up or down to get the proper height you prefer. If you want to get “eye to eye” with a six-foot-six basketball player, you would pedestal up. While shooting a flower or a small child, you would pedestal down to their level.