Category Archives: Year 12

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SAMPLE OF CLEAR WRITING AT A LEVEL

Read the SAMPLE below carefully.

Highlight it:

Colour 1 = References to historic/ social play knowledge

Colour 2 = Specific examples of acting or direction

This writing below came from a Y12 student in their 1st attempt at writing about So2M. This is a great example of clear, concise (no waffle) writing with historical and social knowledge coming naturally from the analysis. There is an obvious knowledge of theatrical terms like stage directions, physicality and conventions like the aside. The only area for improvement would be to use a lot more quotes to hang ideas onto specific moment of the play.

The question they had was:

How would you direct the first two scenes of Servant of Two Masters?

For the very opening of the play in Act 1 scene 1 when Silvio and Clarice are about to be engaged, I would have the two Lovers center stage looking at each-other, they are holding hands and are as close to each-other as they can be: this is to emphasize the intimacy and the genuine love they have for each-other. This will also be underlined through their speech. Often they will clock the audience to show that they wish to express their love to the whole world. I would place them center stage so the audience can understand that the focus of the scene is on these two characters, however they are not down stage center, The reason for this will come later in the scene. As for how the two will act, I would direct them to use an overly-dramatized style of delivery. This would involve large hand and arm gestures that are balletic and return to the heart. Their speech would be breathy to indicate they are feeling strong passions and well articulated to indicate their high level of education, This will invoke some comedy in the audience as is the aim of Commedia dell’arte, but also shows that the love these two have is genuine. It will also work in contrast later on in Act 2 when they hate the sight of one another. Since they are not masked I would expect big facial expressions from them, one would react with glee when the other speaks for instance.[Quote needed]  The two will follow similar traits: Silvio would not (in this scene) act masculine, he too will be like Clarice in a floating joyful, gentle, innocent manner, this will show the audience that the two really work as a pair.

In terms of staging for other characters in Act 1 Scene 1 I will focus on proxemics and the other characters will be stationed according to their relationship with the two lovers. Pantaloon will be by the side of his daughter and Lombardi will be at the side of his son. This will help establish information as to the relationships with each character to the audience even before there is dialogue. Brighella would be downstage left on the Pantaloon side and Smeraldina will be down stage right on the Lombardi side. If you looked at the stage from a birds eye-view it would resemble a triangle with the two servants at the bottom moving up to the masters and the lovers at the top. Even though Brighella isn’t a servant in this play in normal Commedia he is and so I wanted to hearken back to that idea. He is a friend of Pantaloon however so that is why he is on the brides’ side to show his connection to the Pantaloon household. Smeraldina is a servant to Pantaloon as well however she is on Lombardi’s side in down stage right because that is the furthest point from Clarice, this shows discord between master and servant between Smeraldina and Clarice, the two still like each-other but in the context of this scene Smeraldina is envious of Clarice love. Downstage right is also a good position for Smeraldina to break the fourth wall which I intend her to do when she speaks much like an aside where only the audience can hear.  If I had an extended cast I would also have one extra member playing a Zanni like servant giving drinks to Pantaloon, Lombardi and Brighella but not Smeraldina to underline that she is not considered an important individual to serve. A Zanni character would also hearken back to original Commedia dell’arte.

Example: How would you direct the first two scenes of Servant of Two Masters?

For the very opening of the play in Act 1 scene 1 when Silvio and Clarice are about to be engaged, I would have the two Lovers center stage looking at each-other, they are holding hands and are as close to each-other as they can be: this is to emphasize the intimacy and the genuine love they have for each-other. This will also be underlined through their speech. Often they will clock the audience to show that they wish to express their love to the whole world. I would place them center stage so the audience can understand that the focus of the scene is on these two characters, however they are not down stage center, The reason for this will come later in the scene. As for how the two will act, I would direct them to use an overly-dramatized style of delivery. This would involve large hand and arm gestures that are balletic and return to the heart. Their speech would be breathy to indicate they are feeling strong passions and well articulated to indicate their high level of education. This will invoke some comedy in the audience as is the aim of Commedia dell’arte, but also shows that the love these two have is genuine. It will also work in contrast later on in Act 2 when they hate the sight of one another. Since they are not masked I would expect big facial expressions from them, one would react with glee when the other speaks for instance.[Quote needed]  The two will follow similar traits: Silvio would not (in this scene) act masculine, he too will be like Clarice in a floating joyful, gentle, innocent manner. This will show the audience that the two really work as a pair.

FIRST EXAM STYLE QUESTION – DIRECTOR

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As a Director, how would you direct the actors in Act 1 Scenes 1 & 2 (So2M) to reveal the essential characteristics of their character, key relationships at the start of the play and any sub-textual issues. Make reference to the audience and to your aims as director?

[what do you need the audience to understand]

You don’t have to reference all the characters but you should have…

PREPARATION: before you write out a full essay answer, it is useful to consider the following. Your answers should be short paragraphs.

  • Where would you place the characters at the start of the play and why?
  • When you your change this placement (BLOCKING) and why? [Needs quotes/lines for your Justification]
  • How would you direct PANTALOON to reveal an essential TRAIT of his character?
  • How would you use STATUS as a way to create comedy? [Think the INVERSION of status – arrival of Truffaldino]

Areas on the stage (where is the most PRIVATE part of the stage?)

YOU SHOULD MAKE SURE THAT YOUR ANSWER COVER

PARAGRAPH 1 – The lovers

PARAGRAPH 2 – Pantaloon / Dr Lombardi

USEFUL SENTENCE STARTERS

Eg: “My intention as a director at this point in the play would be to show/reveal/ focus on…”

“It is important for the audience to understand X at this point in the play so, as a director, I would ……”

COMMEDIA PERFORMANCE

Watch the performance below and see how many characters you can identify.

Not all of these are in the play (S of 2 M) and some that are have been ‘modified’ by Goldoni (Brighella for example).

As the performances are in French/Italian FOCUS on the physicality of the characters, their playfulness, energy levels, tone of their voice.

Look out for LAZZI = comic business.

HOMEWORK#2 UNDERSTANDING ‘SO2M’

COVER LESSON – WORK ON YOUR OWN IN THE LRC OR DRAMA 2

This is to test your knowledge of basic plot events, character knowledge and motivations in the first 2 Acts of the play “A Servant of 2 Masters” (So2M)

All the answers are in the play – you may also find the plot summary of the Commentaries useful.

TO BE DONE IN YOUR JOURNAL FOR NEXT LESSON

Comprehension Questions for Acts 1 & 2 of ‘Servant of 2 Masters’. (Questions)

 QuestionAnswerMark
1What are the 3 stock types of Commedia?   3
2Traditionally which characters would have worn a mask 2
3Name 2 character types that are not in the play? 2
4Where is the play set – (city)   1
5What is a lazzi?   2
6Who wrote the play?   1
7When did they write it (to within the nearest decade)   1
8What are the names of the 2 older men?   2
9What are the names of their children?   2
10Beatrice comes from which city?   1
11Who is her brother?   1
12What has happened to him before the play begins? Who did this?   2
13Who was he meant to marry and why?         2
14Beatrice arrives at Pantaloon’s house disguised as whom?         1
15Who recognises her and why?       2
16Who is her servant?   1
17Who is his love interest throughout the play? 1
18What 2 things does Beatrice hope to get by arriving in Venice?       2
19Why does Truffaldino sign up with another master?     1
20Who is the ‘character’ Truffaldino. makes up? 1
21Why does he ‘invent’ this person?   1
22Name 2 objects that are the types of things that confuse Truffaldino now that he serves 2 masters?       2
23Towards the end of Act 1 what does Beatrice do when in the company of a distressed Clarice?       2
24Why is Silvio angry with Pantaloon and Beatrice/Federigo?         1
25When discovering Silvio with a sword what does Beatrice/Ferderigo do?         1
26What does Clarice threaten to do when confronted by Silvio’s jealousy?         1
27What city is Truffaldino from?     1
28How do we (the audience) know that Truffaldino can’t read?           2
29Why does Truffaldino get a double beating at the end of the Act 2?           2

/44   

30) Explain in a paragraph how you would play the role of Pantaloon or Dr Lombardi (focus on personality, voice, posture, body shape, rhythm, facial expression)                                                                               6 marks

commedia – language

GRUMMALOT

Watch the following video and make some notes in your Journal about…

  1. Grummalot (define it in your own words)
  2. Why is it a useful ‘tool’ for improvising and exploring a text?
  3. By watching the student actors, what skills do you think they show to successfully take part in a ‘grummalot’ conversation? [How does the listener know what is being said, how to respond, when to respond?]
  4. Why does it simulate the world of Commedia (think accents and languages)
  5. How could ‘grummalot’ be considered subversive during the time of Commedia?

THE characters OF COMMEDIA

Watch the video above.

Take notes in your Journal about the MASTER and SERVANTS.

If your character has been given a DOUBLE PAGE * then fill in the Traditional (Left hand side)

  1. Zanni
  2. Harlequino (Truffaldino)*
  3. Brighella*
  4. Pantalone*
  5. Doctore*
  6. Capitano (not in S of 2 M but could be useful for a character’s disguise)

MAKE SURE YOUR NOTES INCLUDE

  • character TRAITS [what animal or adjectives describe this character.]
  • physicality,
  • voice,
  • historical, cultural FACTS,
  • social (status) MASTER/SERVANT – what they do for a living.

Ignore Magnifico, the Witch, & Older Lovers.

Commedia dell’ Arte – A Historic Overview

Summer Task #1

Watch the clip from a workshop presented by Didi Hopkins from Commediaworks (A UK company specialising in Commedia dell’ Arte). THEN read the section ‘Commedia dell’arte and Carlo Goldoni’ in the Commentary section of your play ‘ a Servant to 2 Masters’ (Page: XXXIX – XLII – 3.5 pages)

Once you’ve done your reading/viewing answer the following questions. Type them ready to hand in on your 1st class in September. [Include the question as the opening of your answer BUT don’t write out the question in full!]

  1. Where and when did Commedia start? What was it a mixture of?
  2. How can it claim to be ‘popular’ theatre?
  3. Why was it considered an actors theatre?
  4. How were the troupes organised? (*Use video and book)
  5. What was the role of women?
  6. Why was the relationship with the audience key?
  7. Stories/Scenarios – Were the actors working from fully written scripts and if not how did the actors know what to do and say? (*Use video and book)
  8. What are ‘lazzi’? (*Use video and book)
  9. What has Commedia influenced? (try and find some of your own examples)

welcome to the blog!

Learning lines is a challenge however old you are.

Actors need to try a variety of methods and then find the one that works best for them.

Learning lines really needs to happen AFTER you have fully explored the FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS [who/what/where/when/why] of each scene/speech – otherwise you won’t be connecting the words to a feeling or motivation (and that doesn’t lead to an engaging performance.)

My personal feeling is that having the script in your hand as you try to learn your lines is NOT effective. There’s too much of a temptation to look at the lines and before you know it, you are just reading. Also, you forget that your hands will be empty for the performance and then you will wonder what to do with them.

Some tried and tested methods are:

  1. Working with a partner who has the script – can check you are accurate and can feed you a line at a time if you get stuck.
  2. Record your lines (and that of others) into your phone and play them (last thing before you sleep is a proven good time as your brain/memory is more receptive.)
  3. Know your BLOCKING / MOVES and run the lines as you do the moves. (There’s good evidence that CONNECTING the lines to set moves embeds them quicker into your memory.)
  4. (For a dialogue scene – more than 1 person speaking) Record everyone else’s lines (cues) and leave gaps for your lines. *Requires a bit of practice to get the ‘gaps’ the correct length.

Watch this:

4. Write your lines out (including punctuation) This is good for large speeches or monologues. Punctuation will allow you to see the structure of the speech, pauses, changes in ideas, emotional journey. Do it with extra wide margins and double line spaced so you can annotate the text as you work on it.